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Cornea the clear front part of the eye
Iris the colored part of the eye behind the cornea
Pupil the round opening in the iris which lets the light into the eye
Lens the clear lens behind the iris which focuses the light entering the eye on the retina so we can see clearly
Retina the nerve layer at the back inside of the eyeball where the light is focused and which transfers the light into nerve signals to be sent to the brain where vision takes place.
Macula the part of the retina where the nerve receptors are most dense, corresponding to the clearest possible central vision
Optic Nerve carries the vision signals from the retina to the visual cortex of the brain where sight or vision occurs
Contact Lenses are a form of vision correction made of materials that float on the layer of tears on the surface of the cornea and change the angle of the light entering the eye.
Nearsightedness (Myopia) Close objects are seen clearly, objects at a distance are blurry
Farsightedness (Hyperopia) Far away objects are seen clearly, blurriness or strain are experienced trying to focus at near distances.
Astigmatism Objects appear blurry or distorted at all distances because of the irregular shape of the cornea (front part of the eye)
Presbyopia Part of the aging process, this involves increasing difficulty focusing for near vision such as reading, generally begins about age 40.
Glaucoma A disease condition of the eye involving increased internal eye pressure which damages the retina and optic nerve. Glaucoma can cause vision loss and even blindness if not treated.
Cataracts A gradual clouding of the clear lens of the eye which causes blurred or hazy vision. Left untreated it can lead to blindness.
Macular Degeneration A deterioration of the retina which causes loss of clear central vision
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Strabismus refers to "crossed" eyes, or a turned eye which does not work with the other eye but remains turned inward, outward, up, or down.
Amblyopia commonly called "lazy eye" is a condition where one of the eyes does all the focusing work and the other eye does little or none, resulting in a loss of binocular vision.
20/20 a standard of good distance vision which involves reading letters of "size 20" from 20 feet away
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